狼又回到比利時來了！
Comeback of the Wolf in Belgium
本文主要基於 世界自然基金會比利時分會 的文章。您可以點選閱讀原文：https://wwf.be/nl/actualiteit/de-belgische-comeback-van-de-wolf-een-notendop. 本文使用權由世界自然基金會比利時分會友情提供。
This post is largely based on the original article by WWF Belgium . You can check out their article here: https://wwf.be/nl/actualiteit/de-belgische-comeback-van-de-wolf-een-notendop. Rights to use this article were kindly provided by WWF Belgium.
你知道嗎？ 100多年來，比利時一直看不到狼的蹤影？ 一直到2016年，第一只狼才回來！這是一個引人入勝的傳奇故事。在下一批幼狼出生之前，我們回顧一下狼回歸以來最重要的事件。
Did you know that
for more than 100 years, wolves were nowhere to be seen in Belgium?
That was until 2016, when the first wolf returned. That was the start of a compelling saga. Before the next batch of cubs is born, we look back at the most important events since the wolf's return.
狼在比利時的回歸是值得慶賀的，因為比利時一直在做野化工作 ，這證明了努力是有效的。野化是指在特定地區重新引入已經消失或滅絕的本地物種，因為擁有多種不同動植物的多樣化的自然環境更能抵禦氣候危機等沖擊。
The return of the wolf in Belgium is a welcome development as it fits in with larger rewilding efforts in Belgium . Rewilding involves reintroducing native species that have disappeared or become extinct in a given region. Because a diverse natural environment, with many different animals and plants, is much more resilient to shocks such as the climate crisis.
1
2016
我們又有狼了！
We have wolves again!
124年以來，狼從比利時的鄉村消失了。直到有無可辯駁的證據表明，有一只狼越過了我們的國境。它只是路過，還是預示著比利時生物多樣性的新篇章？
For 124 years, the wolf disappeared from our Belgian countryside. Until irrefutable evidence showed that a wolf crossed our national borders. Was he just passing through, or did he herald a new chapter for Belgium's biodiversity?
2
2018
狼在比利時定居啦
Wolves settle
in our country
為了得到上面那個問題的答案，我們必須耐心等待到2018年。因為就在那時，第一只比利時狼Naya, 在林堡定居下來。它很快就找到了伴侶——August. 為了保持平衡，另一只公狼Akéla也在埃菲爾自然公園（High Fens）定居下來。
For the answer to that question, we had to be patient until 2018. Because that is when Naya, the first Belgian wolf, settled in Limburg. She soon found a partner - August. To balance things out, another male wolf, Akéla, settled in the nature reserve of the High Fens.
Naya and Akéla
©Natuur en Bos / INBO
3
2019
Naya死亡，比利時的悲劇
Naya dies, a tragedy for Belgium
當比利時正焦急地等待著本世紀第一批比利時狼崽時，一場悲劇將所有希望扯碎了。Naya被殺死了。整個國家都很傷心，August孤立無援。Akéla也還沒有找到伴侶。
Belgium was anxiously awaiting the first Belgian wolf cubs of the century when a tragedy wiped all hope off the table. Naya was killed. Our country was in turmoil, and August was left alone. Akéla, had not found a mate yet either.
4
2020
希望出現了！
Hope on the horizon
2020年，我們得到了一些好訊息！在國家的北部，August找到了新女友Noëlla。Akéla的孤獨期也結束了，因為它遇到了Maxima。這對情侶讓我們看到了比利時狼群的希望。
In 2020, we got some good news! In the north of the country, August had found a new girlfriend, Noëlla. The lonely period was also over for Akéla when he met Maxima. The pairs gave us hope for our Belgian wolf population.
5
2021 & 2022
創紀錄的「嬰兒潮」！
Record breaking
baby boom!
2021年是名副其實的「嬰兒潮」。August和Noëlla生下了五只小狼。Maxima和Akéla產下四只小狼。2022年，它們又打破了自己的記錄：Noëlla和August有了九只小狼，Akéla和Maxima有了五只小狼。狼群正在蓬勃發展！
2021 kicked off with a veritable baby boom. August and Noëlla gave birth to five cubs. Maxima and Akéla welcomed four little ones. And in 2022, they broke their own records: Noëlla and August have no less than nine little wolves, Akéla and Maxima five. The wolf community is in full bloom!
Akéla and Maxima’s cubs
©Natuur en Bos / INBO
6
2023
新的挑戰
New challenges
去年七月，災難降臨在法蘭德斯：August被車輛碾死了。幸運的是，也有好訊息。安特衛普北部出現了一只新狼——Emma。12 月，她找到了一個伴侶——雖然我們並不知道它是誰。
Maxima和Akéla產下了第三胎，共五只幼狼，它們之前產下的一匹公狼和一匹母狼在埃菲爾自然公園定居下來，與它們的父母相依為命。一只來自意大利阿爾卑斯山的公狼加入了母狼的行列，母狼的兄弟也找到了配偶（我們還不知道那只母狼的更多身世）。這對全新的夫婦於2023年也生下了小狼。
Last July, disaster struck Flanders: August was run over. Fortunately, there is also good news. A new wolf showed up in the north of Antwerp, Emma. And in December she found a partner - he still remains a mystery to us, though.
Maxima and Akéla had a third litter of five cubs, and a wolf and a wolfess from their previous litters settled in the High Fens, close to their parents. The wolfess was joined by a male from the Italian Alps and her brother also found a mate (we do not yet know more about her origins). The two brand-new couples gave birth to little wolves in 2023.
Akéla and Maxima’s cub with her male partner from the Italian Alps
©Natuur en Bos / INBO
7
Early 2024年初
四個狼群和一對小狼
Four packs and one pair
比利時目前有四個狼群和一對狼。這意味著今年春天可能會有很多新狼出現。這是個好訊息，但也帶來了新的挑戰。
We currently count four packs and one wolf pair in Belgium. That means there could be a lot of new wolves this spring. Great news, but that also creates new challenges.
在與野生動物和諧相處之前，我們還有很多東西要學。但比利時在狼回歸後迅速做出了反應，並帶來了好的成效。得益於「狼圍欄大隊」，比利時的農場動物得到了很好的保護，免受狼的襲擊。因此，與2022年相比，2023年在法蘭德斯被狼殺死的農場動物減少了48%，而狼的數量卻有所增加。我們只能得出一個結論：我們希望並且能夠與狼共存。
We still have a lot to learn before we can live harmoniously with wild animals. But Belgium reacted quickly when the wolf returned, and that reactivity is bearing its fruits. Thanks to the Wolf Fencing Team, Belgian farm animals are well protected from wolf attacks. As a result, in 2023, wolves killed 48% fewer Flemish farm animals than in 2022, and that while the number of wolves increased. From this we can only conclude one thing: we want to and can live together with the wolf.
