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美國憲法中英文對照(五)

2024-02-14教育

Section 6 - Compensation, Privileges, Disqualification in certain cases.

第6節——在某些情況下的賠償、特權和取消資格。

1. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law , and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace , be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other place.

第一款:參議員與眾議員得因其服務而獲報酬,報酬的多寡由法律定之,並由合眾國國庫支付。兩院議員除犯叛國罪、重罪以及擾亂治安罪外,在出席各該院會議及往返各該院途中,有不受逮捕之特權,兩院議員在議院內所發表之演說及辯論,在其它場合不受質詢。

2. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office .

第二款:參議員或眾議員不得在其當選任期內擔任合眾國政府任何新添設的職位,或在任期內支取因新職位而增添的俸祿,在合眾國政府供職的人,不得在其任職期間擔任國會議員。

Section 7 - House to originate all revenue bills. Veto. Bill may be passed by two-thirds of each House, notwithstanding, etc. Bill, not returned in ten days to become a law. Provisions as to orders, concurrent resolutions , etc.

第7節-眾議院發起所有稅收法案。否決權。法案可由兩院三分之二的議員透過,盡管如此。法案在十天內未透過成為法律。關於命令、並列決議等的規定。

1. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills.

第一款:有關征稅的所有法案應在眾議院中提出,但參議院可以透過處理其它法案的方式,以修正案提出建議或表示同意。

2. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the president of the United States; if he approve, he shall sign it, but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal , and proceed to reconsider it.

If after such reconsideration, two thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the president within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law.

第二款:經眾議院和參議院透過的法案,在正式成為法律之前,須呈送合眾國總統,總統如批準,便須簽署,如不批準,即應連同他的異議把它退還給原來提出該案的議院,該議院應將異議詳細記入議事記錄,然後進行復議。倘若在復議之後,該議院議員的三分之二仍然同意透過該法案,該院即應將該法案連同異議書送交另一院,由其同樣予以復議,若此另一院亦以三分之二的多數透過,該法案即成為法律。但遇有這樣的情形時,兩院的表決均應以贊同或反對來定,而贊同和反對該法案的議員的姓名,均應由兩院分別記載於各該院的議事記錄之內 。 如總統接到法案後十日之內 (星期日除外) ,不將之退還,該法案即等於曾由總統簽署一樣,成為法律。準有當國會休會因而無法將該法案退還時,該法案才不得成為法律。

3. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the president of the United States; and before the same shall take effect , shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.

第三款:任何命令、決議或表決 (有關休會問題者除外) ,凡須由參議院及眾議院予以同意者,均應呈送合眾國總統,經其此準之後,方始生效,如總統不予批準,則參眾兩院可依照對於透過法案所規定的各種規則和限制,各以三分之二的多數,再行透過。

固定搭配:

be ascertained by law 由法律決定

breach of the peace 擾亂治安

be privileged from arrest 不受逮捕的特權

one's continuance in office 在政府任職期間

concurrent resolutions 並列決議

at large on the journal 盡量詳細記錄在案

vote for and against the bill 贊成還是反對法案

in like manner 以同樣的方式