When it comes to mental health at school, typically the focus is on helping students, especially as they emerge from the pandemic with heightened levels of anxiety, stress and emotional need. But as school officials seek to put resources toward student well-being, another school population is possibly being overlooked: teachers.
谈到学校的心理健康教育，一般关注点都在于帮助学生，尤其是在疫情后，学生们面临着更多的焦虑、压力和情感需求。然而，在学校官员努力投入资源关注学生福祉的同时，另一个可能被忽视的群体是教师。
Teachers are experiencing high levels of stress, anxiety and work-related trauma in the classroom – much of it stemming from student behavioral problems. The pandemic exacerbated this issue, impacting students and teachers alike.
教师在课堂上承受着巨大的压力、焦虑和工作带来的心理创伤，其中大部分是由学生的不当行为造成的。疫情加剧了这一问题，对学生和教师都造成了影响。
According to 2022 data from the National Center for Education Statistics, 87% of public schools reported that the pandemic 「negatively impacted student socioemotional development.」 Additional stressors from the pandemic, including new levels of uncertainty, higher workloads and a more negative perception of teachers in society, have also impacted teachers’ mental health and well-being.
根据美国国家教育统计中心 2022 年的数据，87% 的公立学校报告指出，疫情 "对学生的社会情感发展产生了负面影响"。疫情带来的其他压力，包括新的不确定性、更大的工作量和社会对教师更消极的看法，也影响了教师的心理健康和福祉。
As teachers navigate the highs and lows of their profession, taking care of their emotional and mental well-being is essential. Research backs this up. Not only do teachers personally benefit from improved mental health, but their students do, too.
教师在职业生涯的高低起伏中，照顾好自己的情绪和心理健康至关重要。有研究已经证明了这一点。改善心理健康不仅对教师个人有益，对他们的学生也是如此。
As the author of a forthcoming paper about teacher experiences during the pandemic, I have identified four benefits of prioritizing teacher mental health that create a more stable and effective educational environment.
作为即将发表的一篇关于大流行病期间教师经历的论文的作者，我指出了优先考虑教师心理健康的四个好处，这些好处可以创造一个更加稳定和有效的教育环境。
Reduces burnout and turnover
减少职业倦怠和人员流失
An undeniable link exists between teacher mental health and burnout and turnover, especially for early career teachers. For young teachers in particular, a workaholic culture can contribute to the deterioration of their mental health.
不可否认，教师的心理健康与职业倦怠和人员流失之间存在着联系，尤其是对于初入职场 的教师而言。特别是年轻教师，工作狂文化可能会加速其心理健康的恶化。
The demanding nature of teaching, characterized by heavy workloads and high performance expectations, can take a toll on all teachers. This is especially true for teachers of color, who are more likely to leave their schools, or the profession, due to poor working conditions and a lack of support.
教学工作要求高，工作量大，绩效期望值高，会对所有教师造成伤害。对于有色人种教师来说尤其如此，由于工作条件差和缺乏支持，他们更有可能离开学校或告别教师职业生涯。
According to the 2023 State of the American Teacher Survey by the Rand Corporation, 13% of respondents said their schools offered teachers no mental health or well-being supports. Furthermore, teachers report worse well-being than the general population.
根据兰德公司发布的2023 年美国教师状况调查报告，13% 的受访者表示，他们的学校没有为教师提供心理健康或幸福支持。此外，教师的幸福感比普通人更差。
This is where schools can really make a difference in teacher retention. In schools with more positive leadership and support, including for mental health, teachers are more likely to stay. Examples of mental health supports include setting appropriate work-life boundaries, incorporating self-care and stress management techniques into the school day, and creating an open environment where mental health can be discussed without stigma.
这正是学校在留住教师方面可以真正发挥作用的地方。在拥有更积极的领导和支持（包括心理健康支持）的学校，教师更有可能留任。心理健康支持的例子包括：设定适当的工作与生活界限，将自我关怀和压力管理技巧纳入学校的日常活动，以及创造一个开放的环境，让大家可以讨论心理健康问题，而不会感到羞耻。
Improves teaching effectiveness
提高教学效果
Teachers excel at their jobs when school leaders prioritize their mental well-being. Research has directly linked teachers’ well-being with greater resilience. For instance, the research found, when a teacher remains calm and solution-oriented in the face of challenging classroom situations, it creates a more positive environment and supportive atmosphere for students.
当学校领导把教师的心理健康放在首位时，他们就会在工作中表现出色。有些研究已经将教师的身心健康与更强的应变能力直接联系起来。例如，研究发现，教师在面对具有挑战性的课堂情况时，如果能保持冷静并以解决问题为导向，就能为学生创造更积极的环境和支持性氛围。
Teachers also burn out less when they’re encouraged to be creative in the classroom. Creative activities allow for a greater level of connection between student and teacher – and satisfaction on the job.
如果鼓励教师在课堂上发挥创造力，他们的倦怠感也会减少。创造性的活动能让师生之间的联系更紧密，也能让教师在工作中获得满足感。
Being creative and having a positive rapport with their teachers also develops students’ competence and improves their academic performance. A teacher with poor mental health, however, may have a hard time showing up for their students in such a positive way.
具备创造力并与教师建立积极关系有助于培养学生的能力，提高他们的学业表现。 然而，心理健康状况不佳的教师可能很难以这种积极的方式为学生服务。
Preserves institutional knowledge
保护机构知识
Reduced turnover has a profound impact on preserving institutional knowledge – the collective understanding of how a school and its students work best. When experienced educators leave unexpectedly or earlier than planned, schools lose a lot of valuable insight and expertise. Reducing turnover enables schools to benefit from experienced teachers for longer periods of time.
减少人员流动对于保护机构知识，即学校和学生最佳运作方式的共识，产生深远影响。 当经验丰富的教育工作者意外离职或提前离职时，学校就会失去很多宝贵的见解和专业知识。降低人员流动率可以使学校更长时间地受益于经验丰富的教师。
When teachers remain at their schools, they contribute to the schools’ ongoing stability and the accumulation of best practices over time.
教师选择在他们的学校留任，有助于学校的持续稳定和最佳实践的长期积累。
Fosters a positive organizational culture
促进积极的组织文化
Prioritizing the mental health of teachers is not just about personal well-being. It’s also about building a positive and supportive organizational culture within schools.
优先考虑教师的心理健康不仅关系到个人的幸福。它还关系到在学校内部建立一种积极的、支持性的组织文化。
A culture that prioritizes mental health and wellness creates an environment where teachers feel acknowledged, understood and supported. This positive culture impacts the satisfaction and morale of educators, which can in turn positively affect student learning. A supportive atmosphere encourages collaboration, open communication and a shared dedication to the well-being of everyone within the academic community.
以心理健康和幸福为先的文化能为教师创造一个感到被认可、被理解和被支持的环境。这种积极的文化会提升教育工作者的满意度和士气，进而对学生的学习产生积极影响。支持性氛围鼓励合作、坦诚交流和共同致力于学术社区内每个人的福祉。
Recognizing and supporting the needs of teachers is crucial. It’s not just about problem-solving. It’s a smart investment in the long-term success and resilience of the entire educational community.
了解并支持教师的需求至关重要。这不仅仅是为了解决问题。这是对整个教育界的长期成功和复原力的明智投资。
